Return to Manual Contents Astronomy Computer Manual

Backing up your data: the Exabyte

Introduction
Using the Exabyte
TAR
Remote Operation

Introduction

THIS WILL BE RE-WRIITEN IN THE FALL OF 2000

Tape backups of the system, including user's data, are done weekly, however, you may wish to backup your data more often than this. To do this you must use the departments Exabyte tape drive. You must purchase your own Exabyte tape (8mm video tape).

The Exabyte, located in room 1408, is attached to lepus. Under no circumstances should you attempt to turn it off (power), move it, or remove its SCSI cable. Any of these operations WILL result in damage to lepus and/or the Exabyte.

You must first see the system manager before using the Exabyte for the first time, even if you are an ``expert'' user.

The device names for the Exabyte are /dev/rst0 and /dev/nrst0. If you use nrst0 in the command line, the tape will not rewind after the operation. If you use rst0, the tape will rewind after the operation. Think about what you are doing and chose the appropriate device name.

The Exabyte is very sensitive, and is easy to hang. Never use a CNTL-C to interrupt a command to the Exabyte. It may result in hanging both the Exabyte and lepus for several hours or more. For this reason it is important that you be familiar with the commands, and to think about what you are doing before executing any command to the Exabyte.

Top of Page

Using the Exabyte

To open the door, press the grey rubber button on the front of the Exabyte. Slide the tape in, as you would for a video tape. Close the door gently, until it clicks shut.

The following are the commands that are safe to use on the Exabyte, and that you may use:

mt -f /dev/(n)rst0 rewind
status
offline
fsf n
bsf n
dd
tar

The following are commands that are NOT safe, and you may not use them:

mt -f /dev/nrst0 erase
asf
retension
CNTL C

Examples


To check the status of the Exabyte:
mt -f /dev/nrst0 status

To rewind the tape:
mt -f /dev/nrst0 rewind

To position the tape past nn files:
mt -f /dev/nrst0 fsf nn

Top of Page

TAR

Please read the tar manpages if you are unfamiliar with the command. Here are some useful commands:

To write a directory, or group of files to tape using tar:
tar cvf /dev/nrst0 xxxx
where xxxx is the name of a sub-directory, a file, or a file wild-card specifier. This creates one tar file.
To check the tar file just written (the n'th file), and create a log at the same time:

tar tvf /dev/nrst0 > logfile

To extract the contents of a tarfile:
tar xvf /dev/nrst0

Top of Page

Remote Operation

You can copy files from a computer other than lepus, onto the Exabyte.

To write a tar file from another computer to the Exabyte:
tar cvfb - 20 xxxxx | rsh lepus.astro dd of=/dev/nrst0 obs=20b

To extract a file from the tape, to your computer:
rsh -n lepus.astro dd if=/dev/nrst0 bs=20b | tar xvBfb - 20 xxx
where xxx is a specified file or directory, or blank to extract the entire tar file.

Please refer to the man pages on TAR for many other useful options, especially -X and -I

Top of Page